Alexander Graham Bell was a Scottish scientist and inventor, who pioneered the invention of the first working telephone, for which he received the first U.S. patent in 1876. In 1885 he co-founded the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT & T). He also invented other devices in his life, like the photophone, Graphophone, Mine Detector and phonophone. He also researched extensively in the medical field and invented techniques for teaching speech to the deaf, a subject close to his heart as his mother and wife were both deaf. He also experimented briefly with the prototype of what would later be used for the invention of the tape recorder, hard disc and floppy disc. In his own home he used a primitive form of the air conditioner, with fans blowing currents of air across blocks of ice. Bell has been named as one of the 10 greatest Scottish scientists in history, and has been listed in the Scottish Science Hall of Fame.
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